19And these are the generations of Isaac the son of Abraham; Abraham begot Isaac. |
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יטוְ×ֵ֛לֶּה תּֽוֹלְדֹ֥ת יִצְחָ֖ק בֶּן־×Ö·×‘Ö°×¨Ö¸×”Ö¸Ö‘× ×Ö·×‘Ö°×¨Ö¸×”Ö¸Ö–× ×”×•Ö¹×œÖ´Ö¥×™×“ ×ֶת־יִצְחָֽק: |
And these are the generations of Isaac the son of Abraham: [תּוֹלְדוֹת refers to] Jacob and Esau mentioned in this section. |
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ו×לה תולדות יצחק: יעקב ועשיו ×”××ž×•×¨×™× ×‘×¤×¨×©×”: |
Abraham begot Isaac: (Only after the Holy One, blessed be He, named him Abraham, did he beget Isaac. Another explanation:) Since Scripture wrote: “Isaac the son of Abraham,” it had to say: “Abraham begot Isaac,” because the scorners of the generation were saying that Sarah had conceived from Abimelech, for she had lived with Abraham for many years and had not conceived from him. What did the Holy One, blessed be He, do? He shaped the features of Isaac’s face to resemble Abraham’s, and everyone attested that Abraham had begotten Isaac. This is the meaning of what is written here: “Isaac, the son of Abraham,” because here is proof that “Abraham begot Isaac.” - [From Midrash Tanchuma, Toledoth 1] |
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××‘×¨×”× ×”×•×œ×™×“ ×ת יצחק: על ידי שכתב הכתוב יצחק בן ××‘×¨×”× ×”×•×–×§×§ לומר ××‘×¨×”× ×”×•×œ×™×“ ×ת יצחק, לפי שהיו ×œ×™×¦× ×™ הדור ××•×ž×¨×™× ×ž×בימלך × ×ª×¢×‘×¨×” שרה, שהרי כמה ×©× ×™× ×©×”×ª×” ×¢× ××‘×¨×”× ×•×œ× × ×ª×¢×‘×¨×” ×”×™×ž× ×•, מה עשה הקב"×”, צר קלסתר ×¤× ×™×• של יצחק דומה ל×ברה×, והעידו הכל ××‘×¨×”× ×”×•×œ×™×“ ×ת יצחק, וזהו שכתב ×›×ן יצחק בן ××‘×¨×”× ×”×™×”, שהרי עדות יש ש××‘×¨×”× ×”×•×œ×™×“ ×ת יצחק: |
20And Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebecca the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean of Padan Aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to himself for a wife. |
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כוַיְהִ֤י יִצְחָק֙ בֶּן־×Ö·×¨Ö°×‘Ö¸Ö¼×¢Ö´Ö£×™× ×©Ö¸×× Ö¸Ö”×” בְּקַחְתּ֣וֹ ×ֶת־רִבְקָ֗ה בַּת־בְּתוּ×ֵל֙ ×”Ö¸Ö½×ֲרַמִּ֔י מִפַּדַּ֖ן ×Ö²×¨Ö¸Ö‘× ×ֲח֛וֹת לָבָ֥ן ×”Ö¸Ö½×ֲרַמִּ֖י ל֥וֹ לְ×ִשָּֽ××”: |
forty years old: For when Abraham came from Mount Moriah, he was informed that Rebecca had been born. Isaac was then thirty-seven years old, for at that time Sarah died, and from the time that Isaac was born until the “Binding” [of Isaac], when Sarah died, were thirty-seven years, for she was ninety years old when Isaac was born, and one hundred and twenty-seven when she died, as it is stated (above 23:1): “The life of Sarah was [a hundred and twenty seven years.”] This makes Isaac thirty-seven years old, and at that time, Rebecca was born. He waited for her until she would be fit for marital relations-three years-and then married her. — [From Gen. Rabbah 57:1; |
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בן ××¨×‘×¢×™× ×©× ×”: שהרי ×›×©×‘× ××‘×¨×”× ×ž×”×¨ המוריה × ×ª×‘×©×¨ ×©× ×•×œ×“×” רבקה, ויצחק ×”×™×” בן ×©×œ×©×™× ×•×©×‘×¢ ×©× ×”, שהרי בו בפרק מתה שרה, ×•×ž×©× ×•×œ×“ יצחק עד העקידה שמתה שרה ×©×œ×•×©×™× ×•×©×‘×¢ ×©× ×”, ובת ×ª×©×¢×™× ×”×™×ª×” ×›×©× ×•×œ×“ יצחק, ובת מ××” ×¢×©×¨×™× ×•×©×‘×¢ כשמתה, ×©× ×מר (×›×’ ×) ויהיו ×—×™×™ שרה וגו', הרי ליצחק ×©×œ×•×©×™× ×•×©×‘×¢ ×©× ×™× ×•×‘×• בפרק × ×•×œ×“×” רבקה, המתין לה עד ×©×ª×”× ×¨×ויה לבי××” שלש ×©× ×™× ×•× ×©××”: |
the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean of Padan-Aram, the sister of Laban: Was it not already written that she was the daughter of Bethuel and the sister of Laban and from Padan-Aram? But this is to tell her praise, that she was the daughter of a wicked man and the sister of a wicked man and her place was [inhabited by] wicked people, but she did not learn from their deeds. [From Gen. Rabbah 63:4] |
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בת בתו×ל מפדן ××¨× ×חות לבן: וכי עדיין ×œ× × ×›×ª×‘ ×©×”×™× ×‘×ª בתו×ל ו×חות לבן ומפדן ×ר×, ××œ× ×œ×”×’×™×“ שבחה שהיתה בת רשע ו×חות רשע ומקומה ×× ×©×™ רשע, ×•×œ× ×œ×ž×“×” ממעשיה×: |
of Padan-Aram: Because there were two Arams, Aram-naharaim and Aram-zobah, it is called Padan [meaning“pair”], an expression of a pair of oxen, which in Aramaic is פַּדַּן תּוֹרִין. Others interpret “Padan-aram” as “the field of Aram,” because in Arabic, a field is called“fadan.” |
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מפדן ×ר×: על ×©× ×©×©× ×™ ××¨× ×”×™×• ××¨× × ×”×¨×™× ×•××¨× ×¦×•×‘×”, ×§×•×¨× ×ותו פדן, לשון (שמו×ל ×' ×™× ×–) צמד בקר, ×ª×¨×’×•× ×¤×“×Ÿ תורין. ויש פותרין פדן ××¨× ×›×ž×• (הושע יב ×™×’) שדה ×ר×, שבלשון ישמע×ל קורין לשדה פדן: |
21And Isaac prayed to the Lord opposite his wife because she was barren, and the Lord accepted his prayer, and Rebecca his wife conceived. |
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×›×וַיֶּעְתַּ֨ר יִצְחָ֤ק לַֽיהֹוָה֙ ×œÖ°× Ö¹Ö£×›Ö·×— ×ִשְ×תּ֔וֹ ×›Ö´Ö¼Ö¥×™ עֲקָרָ֖ה ×”Ö´Ö‘×•× ×•Ö·×™ÖµÖ¼×¢Ö¸Ö¤×ªÖ¶×¨ לוֹ֙ יְהֹוָ֔ה וַתַּ֖הַר רִבְקָ֥ה ×ִשְ×תּֽוֹ: |
prayed: Heb. וַיֶעְתַּר. He prayed much and entreated [God] with prayer. |
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ויעתר: הרבה והפציר בתפלה: |
accepted his prayer: Heb. וַיֵעָתֶר. He (God) allowed Himself to be entreated and placated and swayed by him. I say that every expression of עתר is an expression of entreaty and increase, and similarly (Ezek. 8:11):“and a thick (וַעִתַר) cloud of incense,” [meaning] the immensity of the ascent of smoke, and so (ibid. 35:13):“And you have multiplied (וְהַעְתַּרְתֶּ×) your words against Me,” and so, (Prov. 27:6):“whereas the kisses of an enemy are burdensome (וְכַעְתָּרוֹת) .” They seem to be many and are burdensome, accroissement in Old French, excessive. |
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ויעתר לו: × ×ª×¤×¦×¨ ×•× ×ª×¤×™×™×¡ ×•× ×ª×¤×ª×” לו, ו×ומר ×× ×™ כל לשון עתר לשון הפצרה ורבוי ×”×•× ×•×›×Ÿ (יחזק×ל ×— ×™×) ועתר ×¢× ×Ÿ הקטרת, מרבית עלית העשן, וכן (×©× ×œ×” ×™×’) ×•×”×¢×ª×¨×ª× ×¢×œ×™ דבריכ×, וכן (משלי ×›×– ו) × ×¢×ª×¨×•×ª × ×©×™×§×•×ª ×©×•× ×, דומות למרובות ×•×”× × ×œ×ž×©×. ××™× ×§×¨×™×™×©×™×ž×™× "ט [רבוי] בלע"×–: |
opposite his wife: This one (Isaac) was standing in this corner and praying, and that one (Rebecca) was standing in that corner and praying. |
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×œ× ×›×— ×שתו: ×–×” עומד בזוית זו ומתפלל, וזו עומדת בזוית זו ומתפללת: |
accepted his prayer: But not hers, for the prayer of a righteous man, the son of a righteous man, does not compare to the prayer of a righteous man, the son of a wicked man. Therefore, [He accepted] his prayer and not hers. — [Yev. 64a] |
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ויעתר לו: לו ×•×œ× ×œ×”, ש×ין דומה תפלת צדיק בן צדיק לתפלת צדיק בן רשע לפיכך לו ×•×œ× ×œ×”: |
22And the children struggled within her, and she said, "If [it be] so, why am I [like] this?" And she went to inquire of the Lord. |
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כבוַיִּתְרֹֽצֲצ֤וּ ×”Ö·×‘Ö¸Ö¼× Ö´×™×Ö™ בְּקִרְבָּ֔הּ וַתֹּ֣×מֶר ×Ö´×־כֵּ֔ן לָ֥מָּה ×–Ö¶Ö¼Ö–×” ×Ö¸× Ö¹Ö‘×›Ö´×™ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ ×œÖ´×“Ö°×¨Ö¥×©× ×ֶת־יְהֹוָֽה: |
struggled: Perforce, this verse calls for a Midrashic interpretation, for it does not explain what this struggling was all about, and [Scripture] wrote,“If it be so, why am I [like] this?” Our Rabbis (Gen. Rabbah 63:6) interpreted it [the word וַיִתְרוֹצִצוּ] as an expression of running (רוֹצָה) . When she passed by the entrances of [the] Torah [academies] of Shem and Eber, Jacob would run and struggle to come out; when she passed the entrance of [a temple of] idolatry, Esau would run and struggle to come out. Another explanation: They were struggling with each other and quarreling about the inheritance of the two worlds (Mid. Avkir). |
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ויתרוצצו: על כרחך ×”×ž×§×¨× ×”×–×” ×ומר ×“×•×¨×©× ×™, ×©×¡×ª× ×ž×” ×”×™× ×¨×¦×™×¦×” זו וכתב ×× ×›×Ÿ למה ×–×” ×× ×›×™. ×¨×‘×•×ª×™× ×• דרשוהו לשון ריצה, כשהיתה עוברת על פתחי תורה של ×©× ×•×¢×‘×¨ יעקב רץ ומפרכס לצ×ת, עוברת על פתחי עבודה זרה עשו מפרכס לצ×ת. דבר ×חר ×ž×ª×¨×•×¦×¦×™× ×–×” ×¢× ×–×” ×•×ž×¨×™×‘×™× ×‘× ×—×œ×ª ×©× ×™ עולמות: |
If [it be] so: that the pain of pregnancy is so great. |
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ות×מר ×× ×›×Ÿ: גדול צער העבור: |
why am I [like] this?: [Why did I] desire and pray to conceive?- [From Gen. Rabbah 63:6] |
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למה ×–×” ×× ×›×™: מת×וה ומתפללת על הריון: |
And she went to inquire: to the academy of Shem. — [Aggadath Bereishith, ch. 73, Targum Jonathan and Yerushalmi] |
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ותלך לדרוש: לבית מדרשו של ש×: |
to inquire of the Lord: that He should tell her what would happen to her in the end. |
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לדרוש ×ת ×”': שיגיד לה מה ×ª×”× ×‘×¡×•×¤×”: |
23And the Lord said to her, "Two nations are in your womb, and two kingdoms will separate from your innards, and one kingdom will become mightier than the other kingdom, and the elder will serve the younger. |
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כגוַיֹּ֨×מֶר יְהֹוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְ×× ÖµÖ¤×™ גוֹיִ×Ö™ (כתיב ×’×™×™×) ×‘Ö°Ö¼×‘Ö´×˜Ö°× ÖµÖ”×šÖ° וּשְ×× ÖµÖ£×™ לְ×Ö»×žÖ´Ö¼Ö”×™× ×žÖ´×žÖµÖ¼×¢Ö·Ö–×™Ö´×šÖ° יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְ×Ö¹×Ö™ מִלְ×Ö¹Ö£× ×™Ö¶Ö½×ֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַֽעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר: |
And the Lord said to her: through a messenger. Shem was told through Divine inspiration, and he told it to her. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:7] |
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וי×מר ×”' לה: על ידי שליח, ×œ×©× × ×מר ברוח הקודש ×•×”×•× ×מר לה: |
Two nations are in your womb: [The word גוֹיִ×] is written ×’Öµ×™×™Ö´× [which is pronounced] like ×’Öµ×Ö´×™× (exalted persons). These were Antoninus and Rabbi [Judah the Prince], from whose tables neither radishes nor lettuce were lacking either in the summer or in the winter. — [From Avodah Zarah 11a] |
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×©× ×™ ×’×•×™× ×‘×‘×˜× ×š: ×’×™×™× ×›×ª×™×‘, ×לו ×× ×˜×•× ×™× ×•×¡ ורבי, ×©×œ× ×¤×¡×§×• מעל ×©×•×œ×—× × ×œ× ×¦× ×•×Ÿ ×•×œ× ×—×–×¨×ª ×œ× ×‘×™×ž×•×ª החמה ×•×œ× ×‘×™×ž×•×ª הגשמי×: |
and two kingdoms: לְ×Ö¹× always means a kingdom. — [From Avodah Zarah 2b] |
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×•×©× ×™ ל×מי×: ×ין ל××•× ××œ× ×ž×œ×›×•×ª: |
will separate from your innards: From the womb they are separated, this one to his wickedness, and this one to his innocence. |
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ממעיך יפרדו: מן ×”×ž×¢×™× ×”× × ×¤×¨×“×™×, ×–×” לרשעו וזה לתומו: |
will become mightier than the other kingdom: They will not be equal in greatness; when one rises, the other will fall, and so [Scripture] states (Ezek. 26:2): “I shall become full from the destroyed city.” Tyre became full [gained power] only from the destruction of Jerusalem. — [From Meg. 6a, Pes. 42b] |
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מל×× ×™×מץ: ×œ× ×™×©×•×• בגדולה, כשזה ×§× ×–×” × ×•×¤×œ, וכן ×”×•× ×ומר (יחזק×ל כו ב) ×מל××” החרבה, ×œ× × ×ª×ž×œ××” צור ××œ× ×ž×—×•×¨×‘× ×” של ירושלי×: |
24And her days to give birth were completed, and behold, there were twins in her womb. |
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כדוַיִּמְלְ×֥וּ יָמֶ֖יהָ לָלֶ֑דֶת ×•Ö°×”Ö´× ÖµÖ¼Ö¥×” ×ª×•Ö¹×žÖ´Ö–× ×‘Ö°Ö¼×‘Ö´×˜Ö°× Ö¸Ö½×”Ö¼: |
And her days…were completed: But regarding Tamar it is written (below 38:27):“And it came about at the time of her travail,” because her term [of pregnancy] was not filled, for she gave birth to them after seven months. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:8, 85:13] |
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וימל×ו ימיה: ×בל בתמר כתיב (להלן לח ×›×–) ויהי בעת לדתה. ×©×œ× ×ž×œ×ו ימיה ×›×™ לשבעה ×—×“×©×™× ×™×œ×“×ª×: |
there were twins in her womb: [×ª×•Ö¹×žÖ´× is spelled] defectively [missing an “aleph” and“yud”], but concerning Tamar, it is written תְּ×וֹמִי×, with the plene spelling, [with an “aleph” and“yud”] because they (Perez and Zerah) were both righteous, but here, one was righteous and one was wicked. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:8] |
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×•×”× ×” תומ×: חסר, ובתמר ת××•×ž×™× ×ž×œ× ×œ×¤×™ ×©×©× ×™×”× ×¦×“×™×§×™×, ×בל ×›×ן ×חד צדיק ו×חד רשע: |
25And the first one emerged ruddy; he was completely like a coat of hair, and they named him Esau. |
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×›×”×•Ö·×™ÖµÖ¼×¦ÖµÖ¤× ×”Ö¸Ö½×¨Ö´×ש×וֹן֙ ×Ö·×“Ö°×ž×•Ö¹× Ö´Ö”×™ כֻּלּ֖וֹ ×›Ö°Ö¼×ַדֶּ֣רֶת שֵׂעָ֑ר וַיִּקְרְ×֥וּ שְ×מ֖וֹ עֵשָֽׂו: |
ruddy: That is a sign that he will be a person who sheds blood (Gen. Rabbah 63:8). |
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××“×ž×•× ×™: סימן ×”×•× ×©×™×”× ×©×•×¤×š דמי×: |
he was completely like a coat of hair: full of hair like a woolen cloak, which is full of hair, flochede in Old French. |
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כלו ×›×דרת שער: ×ž×œ× ×©×¢×¨ כטלית של צמר המל××” שער פלוקייד"× ×‘×œ×¢"×– [×ריג צמר]: |
and they named him Esau: They all called him this because he was complete (עָשׂוּי) [lit., made,] and fully developed with hair, like one many years old. |
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ויקר×ו שמו עשו: הכל קר×ו לו כן, לפי שהיה × ×¢×©×” ×•× ×’×ž×¨ בשערו כבן ×©× ×™× ×”×¨×‘×”: |
26And afterwards, his brother emerged, and his hand was grasping Esau's heel, and he named him Jacob. Now Isaac was sixty years old when she gave birth to them. |
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כווְ×ַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֞ן ×™Ö¸×¦Ö¸Ö£× ×ָחִ֗יו וְיָד֤וֹ ×ֹחֶ֨זֶת֙ בַּֽעֲקֵ֣ב עֵשָׂ֔ו ×•Ö·×™Ö´Ö¼×§Ö°×¨Ö¸Ö¥× ×©Ö°×מ֖וֹ יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וְיִצְחָ֛ק בֶּן־שִ×שִּ×Ö¥×™× ×©Ö¸×× Ö¸Ö–×” בְּלֶ֥דֶת ×ֹתָֽ×: |
And afterwards, his brother emerged, etc.: I heard a Midrash Aggadah that interprets it (the verse) according to its simple meaning: He (Jacob) held onto him lawfully, to restrain him. Jacob was formed from the first drop and Esau from the second. Go forth and learn from a tube that has a narrow opening. Insert two stones into it, one after the other. The one that entered first will emerge last, and the one that entered last will emerge first. The result is that Esau, who was formed last, emerged first, and Jacob, who was formed first emerged last, and Jacob came to restrain him so that he (Jacob) should be the first to be born as he was the first to be formed, and he would open her womb and take the birthright by law. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:8] |
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ו×חרי כן ×™×¦× ×חיו וגו': שמעתי מדרש ×גדה הדורשו לפי פשוטו, בדין ×”×™×” ×וחז בו לעכבו, יעקב × ×•×¦×¨ מטיפה ר××©×•× ×” ועשו מן ×”×©× ×™×”, ×¦× ×•×œ×ž×“ משפופרת שפיה קצרה, תן לה שתי ××‘× ×™× ×–×• תחת זו, ×”× ×›× ×¡×ª ר××©×•× ×” ×ª×¦× ××—×¨×•× ×”, ×•×”× ×›× ×¡×ª ××—×¨×•× ×” ×ª×¦× ×¨××©×•× ×”, × ×ž×¦× ×¢×©×• ×”× ×•×¦×¨ ב××—×¨×•× ×” ×™×¦× ×¨×שון, ויעקב ×©× ×•×¦×¨ ר××©×•× ×” ×™×¦× ×חרון, ויעקב ×‘× ×œ×¢×›×‘×• ×©×™×”× ×¨×שון ללידה כר×שון ליצירה, ויפטור ×ת רחמה, ויטול ×ת הבכורה מן הדין: |
Esau’s heel: [This is] a sign that this one (Esau) will not manage to complete his reign until this one rises up and takes it from him. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:9] |
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בעקב עשו: סימן ש×ין ×–×” מספיק לגמור מלכותו עד שזה עומד ×•× ×•×˜×œ×” ×”×™×ž× ×•: |
and he named him Jacob: The Holy One, blessed be He [gave him this name]. (He said, “You named your firstborn [i.e. this refers to those who named Esau (verse 25)]. I too will name My firstborn.” This is what is written: “and He named him Jacob”) (Mid. Tanchuma Shemoth 4). Another explanation: His father called him Jacob (יַעִקֹב) because of the holding of the heel (הֶעָקֵב). (Yerushalmi Ber. 1:6) |
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×•×™×§×¨× ×©×ž×• יעקב: הקב"×”. דבר ×חר ×ביו ×§×¨× ×œ×• יעקב על ×©× ×חיזת העקב: |
sixty years old: Ten years since he had married her until she became thirteen years old and able to conceive, and the [following] ten years he looked forward and waited for her, as his father had done for Sarah. Since she did not conceive, he knew that she was barren, and he prayed for her, but he did not wish to take a maidservant [as Abraham had done] because he had been hallowed on Mount Moriah to be a perfect burnt offering. — [From Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 32] |
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בן ×©×©×™× ×©× ×”: עשר ×©× ×™× ×ž×©× ×©××” עד ×©× ×¢×©×™×ª בת שלש עשרה ×©× ×” ור×ויה להריון ועשר ×©× ×™× ×”×œ×œ×• צפה והמתין לה כמו שעשה ×ביו לשרה, כיון ×©×œ× × ×ª×¢×‘×¨×” ידע ×©×”×™× ×¢×§×¨×” והתפלל עליה. ושפחה ×œ× ×¨×¦×” ליש×, לפי ×©× ×ª×§×“×© בהר המוריה להיות עולה תמימה: |
27And the youths grew up, and Esau was a man who understood hunting, a man of the field, whereas Jacob was an innocent man, dwelling in tents. |
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כזוַיִּגְדְּלוּ֙ ×”Ö·× Ö°Ö¼×¢Ö¸×¨Ö´Ö”×™× ×•Ö·×™Ö°×”Ö´Ö£×™ עֵשָׂ֗ו ×Ö´Ö›×™×©× ×™Ö¹×“ÖµÖ¥×¢Ö· צַ֖יִד ×Ö´Ö£×™×©× ×©Ö¸×‚×“Ö¶Ö‘×” וְיַֽעֲקֹב֙ ×Ö´Ö£×™×©× ×ªÖ¸Ö¼Ö”× ×™×©Öµ×֖ב ×ֹֽהָלִֽי×: |
And the youths grew up, and Esau was: As long as they were small, they were not recognizable through their deeds, and no one scrutinized them to determine their characters. As soon as they became thirteen years old, this one parted to the houses of study, and that one parted to idol worship. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:10; Tanchuma, Ki Theze 4] |
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ויגדלו ×”× ×¢×¨×™× ×•×™×”×™ עשו: כל זמן שהיו ×§×˜× ×™× ×œ× ×”×™×• × ×›×¨×™× ×‘×ž×¢×©×™×”× ×•×ין ××“× ×ž×“×§×“×§ ×‘×”× ×ž×” טיב×, כיון ×©× ×¢×©×• ×‘× ×™ שלש עשרה ×©× ×” ×–×” פירש לבתי מדרשות וזה פירש לעבודה זרה: |
who understood hunting: [He knew how] to trap and to deceive his father with his mouth and ask him,“Father, how do we tithe salt and straw?” His father thereby thought that he was scrupulous in his observance of the commandments (Tanchuma, Toeldoth 8). |
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יודע ציד: לצוד ולרמות ×ת ×ביו בפיו, ושו×לו ××‘× ×”×™×ך מעשרין ×ת המלח ו×ת התבן, כסבור ×ביו ×©×”×•× ×ž×“×§×“×§ במצות: |
a man of the field: As its apparent meaning: an idler who hunts beasts and birds with his bow. — [From Targum Jonathan] |
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×יש שדה: כמשמעו ××“× ×‘×˜×œ וצודה בקשתו חיות ועופות: |
an innocent man: He was not an expert in all these [matters]. Like his heart, so was his mouth. A person who is not astute at deceiving is called תָּ×, innocent. |
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ת×: ××™× ×• בקי בכל ×לה, ××œ× ×›×œ×‘×• כן פיו. מי ש××™× ×• חריף לרמות קרוי ת×: |
dwelling in tents: the tent of Shem and the tent of Eber. — [From Gen. Rabbah 63:10] |
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ישב ×הלי×: ×הלו של ×©× ×•×הלו של עבר: |
28And Isaac loved Esau because [his] game was in his mouth, but Rebecca loved Jacob. |
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כחוַיֶּֽ×ֱהַ֥ב יִצְחָ֛ק ×ֶת־עֵשָׂ֖ו כִּי־צַ֣יִד בְּפִ֑יו וְרִבְקָ֖ה ×ֹהֶ֥בֶת ×ֶת־יַֽעֲקֹֽב: |
in his mouth: As the Targum renders: into Isaac’s mouth. The Midrashic interpretation is: with Esau’s mouth, for he would entrap him and deceive him with his words. — [From Tanchuma, Toledoth 8] |
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בפיו: כתרגומו בפיו של יצחק. ומדרשו בפיו של עשו שהיה צד ×ותו ומרמהו בדבריו: |
29Now Jacob cooked a pottage, and Esau came from the field, and he was faint. |
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כטוַיָּ֥זֶד יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב × Ö¸×–Ö´Ö‘×™×“ ×•Ö·×™Ö¸Ö¼×‘Ö¹Ö¥× ×¢Öµ×©Ö¸×‚Ö›×• מִן־הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה ×•Ö°×”Ö¥×•Ö¼× ×¢Ö¸×™ÖµÖ½×£: |
cooked: Heb. וַיָּזֶד, an expression of cooking, as the Targum renders. |
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ויזד: לשון בישול, כתרגומו: |
and he was faint: Heb. עָיֵף (Gen. Rabbah 63: 12) from committing murder, as it is said (Jer. 4:31):“for my soul is faint (עָיְפָה) before the murderers.” |
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×•×”×•× ×¢×™×£: ברציחה, כמה ×“×ª×™×ž× (ירמיה ד ל×) ×›×™ עיפה × ×¤×©×™ להורגי×: |
30And Esau said to Jacob, "Pour into [me] some of this red, red [pottage], for I am faint"; he was therefore named Edom. |
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לוַיֹּ֨×מֶר עֵשָׂ֜ו ×ֶל־יַֽעֲקֹ֗ב ×”Ö·×œÖ°×¢Ö´×™×˜ÖµÖ¤× Ö´×™ × Ö¸×Ö™ מִן־הָֽ×Ö¸×“Ö¹Ö¤× ×”Ö¸Ö½×ָדֹ×Ö™ ×”Ö·×–Ö¶Ö¼Ö”×” ×›Ö´Ö¼Ö¥×™ עָיֵ֖ף ×Ö¸× Ö¹Ö‘×›Ö´×™ עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָֽרָ×־שְ×מ֖וֹ ×ֱדֽוֹ×: |
Pour into [me]: I will open my mouth, and [you] pour very much into it, as we learned (Shab. 155b):“We may not stuff a camel, etc. [on the Sabbath] but we may put food into its mouth (מַלְעִטִין) .” - [From Gen. Rabbah 63:12] |
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×”×œ×¢×™×˜× ×™: ×פתח פי ושפוך הרבה לתוכה, כמו ×©×©× ×™× ×• ×ין ×ובסין ×ת הגמל ×בל מלעיטין ×ותו: |
some of this red, red [pottage]: red lentils. And on that day, Abraham died, lest he see Esau, his grandson, falling into bad ways, for that would not be the “good old age” that the Holy One, blessed be He, had promised him. Therefore, the Holy One, blessed be He, shortened his life by five years, for Isaac lived one hundred and eighty years, and this one (Abraham) [lived] one hundred and seventy-five years, and Jacob cooked lentils to feed the mourner (Isaac). But why lentils? Because they are [round as] a wheel, for mourning is like a wheel revolving in the world. (Also, just as lentils have no mouth [no crack], as other beans have, so does the mourner have no mouth, for he is prohibited from speaking. It is therefore the custom to feed the mourner eggs at the beginning of his meal, since they are round, and have no mouth. So too does a mourner have no mouth, as is discussed in Mo’ed Katan (21b): “A mourner, for the entire first three days, may not respond to anyone’s greeting, and may surely not initiate a greeting. From the third day to the seventh, he may respond, but may not greet, etc.” [This is found] in an old [edition of] Rashi.)- [From Gen. Rabbah 63:12, B.B. 16b] |
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מן ×”××“× ×”×ד×: ×¢×“×©×™× ×דומות, ו×ותו ×”×™×•× ×ž×ª ××‘×¨×”× ×©×œ× ×™×¨××” ×ת עשו בן ×‘× ×• ×™×•×¦× ×œ×ª×¨×‘×•×ª רעה, ו×ין זו שיבה טובה שהבטיחו הקב"×”, לפיכך קצר הקב"×” חמש ×©× ×™× ×ž×©× ×•×ª×™×•, שיצחק ×—×™ מ××” ×•×©×ž×•× ×™× ×©× ×” וזה מ××” ×©×‘×¢×™× ×•×—×ž×© ×©× ×”, ובישל יעקב ×¢×“×©×™× ×œ×”×‘×¨×•×ª ×ת ×”×בל. ולמה עדשי×, שדומות לגלגל שה×בלות גלגל החוזר ×‘×¢×•×œ× (ועוד מה ×¢×“×©×™× ×ין ×œ×”× ×¤×” כך ×”×בל ×ין לו פה ש×סור לדבר. ולפיכך ×”×ž× ×”×’ להברות ×ת ×”×בל בתחלת מ×כלו ×‘×™×¦×™× ×©×”× ×¢×’×•×œ×™× ×•×ין ×œ×”× ×¤×”, כך ×בל ×ין לו פה כד××ž×¨×™× ×Ÿ במועד קטן (×›× ×‘) ×בל כל שלשה ×™×ž×™× ×”×¨××©×•× ×™× ××™× ×• משיב ×©×œ×•× ×œ×›×œ ××“× ×•×›×œ שכן ש××™× ×• שו×ל בתחלה, משלשה ועד שבעה משיב ו××™× ×• שו×ל וכו'): |
31And Jacob said, "Sell me as of this day your birthright." |
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ל×וַיֹּ֖×מֶר יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב מִכְרָ֥ה ×›Ö·×™Ö¼Ö›×•Ö¹× ×ֶת־בְּכֹרָֽתְךָ֖ לִֽי: |
Sell me as of this day: As the Targum renders: ×›Ö°Ö¼×™×•Ö¹× ×“Ö´×™×œÖ°×”Öµ×Ÿ, “like this day” ; just as this day is clear, so sell it to me with a clear sale. |
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מכרה כיו×: כתרגומו ×›×™×•× ×“×™×œ×”×Ÿ, ×›×™×•× ×©×”×•× ×‘×¨×•×¨, כך מכור לי מכירה ברורה: |
your birthright: Since the [sacrificial] service was performed by the firstborn, Jacob said, “This wicked man does not deserve to sacrifice to the Holy One, blessed be He.” - [From Gen. Rabbah 63:13] |
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בכרתך: לפי שהעבודה בבכורות, ×מר יעקב ×ין רשע ×–×” כד××™ שיקריב להקב"×”: |
32Esau replied, "Behold, I am going to die; so why do I need this birthright?" |
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לבוַיֹּ֣×מֶר עֵשָׂ֔ו ×”Ö´× ÖµÖ¼Ö›×” ×Ö¸Ö½× Ö¹×›Ö´Ö¥×™ הוֹלֵ֖ךְ לָמ֑וּת וְלָֽמָּה־זֶּ֥ה לִ֖י בְּכֹרָֽה: |
Esau replied, “Behold, I am going to die”: (The birthright is something unstable, for the [sacrificial] service will not always be the function of the firstborn, for the tribe of Levi will take it. Furthermore,) said Esau [to Jacob], “What is the nature of this service?” He replied, “There are many prohibitions and punishments and death penalties involved with it, as we learned (Sanh. 83a): ‘These are the ones who are liable to death: Those [performing the Temple service] who have imbibed wine and those who have not cut their hair.’” He (Esau) said,“Behold, I am going to die because of it (i.e., the birthright); if so, why should I want it?” |
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×”× ×” ×× ×›×™ הולך למות: (×ž×ª× ×•×“×“×ª והולכת ×”×™× ×”×‘×›×•×¨×” ×©×œ× ×ª×”× ×›×œ עת העבודה בבכורות ×›×™ שבט לוי יטול ×ותה ועוד) ×מר עשו מה טיבה של עבודה זו, ×מר לו כמה ×זהרות ×•×¢×•× ×©×™×Ÿ ומיתות תלוין בה, ×›×ותה ×©×©× ×™× ×• ×לו הן שבמיתה שתויי יין, ופרועי ר×ש. ×מר ×× ×™ הולך למות על ידה, ×× ×›×Ÿ מה חפץ לי בה: |
33And Jacob said, "Swear to me as of this day"; so he swore to him, and he sold his birthright to Jacob. |
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לגוַיֹּ֣×מֶר יַֽעֲקֹ֗ב הִשָּ×֤בְעָה לִּי֙ ×›Ö·Ö¼×™Ö¼Ö”×•Ö¹× ×•Ö·×™Ö´Ö¼×©Ö¸Ö¼×בַ֖ע ל֑וֹ וַיִּמְכֹּ֥ר ×ֶת־בְּכֹֽרָת֖וֹ לְיַֽעֲקֹֽב: |
34And Jacob gave Esau bread and a pottage of lentils, and he ate and drank and arose and left, and Esau despised the birthright. |
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לדוְיַֽעֲקֹ֞ב × Ö¸×ªÖ·Ö£×Ÿ לְעֵשָׂ֗ו ×œÖ¶Öš×—Ö¶× ×•Ö¼× Ö°×–Ö´Ö£×™×“ עֲדָשִ×Ö”×™× ×•Ö·×™Ö¹Ö¼Ö£×כַל וַיֵּ֔שְ×תְּ ×•Ö·×™Ö¸Ö¼Ö–×§Ö¸× ×•Ö·×™ÖµÖ¼×œÖ·Ö‘×šÖ° וַיִּ֥בֶז עֵשָׂ֖ו ×ֶת־הַבְּכֹרָֽה: |